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Title: Pregnancy and labor (2) |
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Prerequisite: Pregnancy and labor and related cares (1) |
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Duration: 51 hours |
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Type of Course: Theory |
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Target group: Fourth-semester midwifery students (continuous BSc) |
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Setting: School of nursing and midwifery |
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Professors: Nahid Golmakani (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.) and Sedighe Azhari (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.) |
General Goals:
1. Acquire necessary skills to guide, lead, and perform normal labor and relevant cares
2. Acquire necessary skills to guide and lead different stages of childbirth, and postpartum, in relation to mother, fetus, and neonate
3. Skills in application of new labor techniques and providing midwifery services
4. Providing postpartum healthcare education to mothers and families, regarding social, cultural, and religion issues
Specific Goals:
At the end of this program, students are expected to:
1. Explain physiological and biochemical processes of childbirth.
2. Analyze the physiology of different stages of natural childbirth (stage I- IV).
3. Analyze the mechanism of natural childbirth in occiput presentation.
4. Elaborate on control and management of different stages of childbirth (1-4 stages).
5. Analyze effective factors for labor progress.
6. Interpret the childbirth progress with regard to labor partograph.
7. Explain the evaluation of fetal health during childbirth.
8. Separately express principles of immune labor and non-pharmacological pain relief methods in childbirth.
9. Elaborate on principles and initial and immediate neonatal cares.
10. Describe anatomic and physiologic changes during postpartum period.
11. Explain cares of postpartum period.
12. Elaborate on various types, causes, and management of abnormal postpartum bleedings.
13. Explain various types, causes, and management of postpartum infections.
14. Elaborate on necessary education in preventing postpartum bleedings and complications.
15. Elaborate on various types, causes, and management of postpartum complications, such as breast disorders.
Executive Plan:
Education and training will be performed during the academic semester and in two sessions per week (every Sunday (14:00-16:00) and Monday (16:00-18:00) for 90 minutes).
Content and Its Order of Presentation:
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Session |
Content and Process |
Professor |
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1st |
Introduction to the course and goals, physiological and biochemical processes of labor |
Mrs. Azhari |
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2nd |
Rest of 1st session content and physiology of different stages of labor |
Mrs. Azhari |
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3rd |
Natural labor mechanism |
Mrs. Azhari |
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4th |
Physiology of the first stage |
Mrs. Azhari |
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5th |
Physiology of the second and third stage |
Mrs. Azhari |
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6th |
Maternal admission for labor |
Mrs. Azhari |
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7th |
Management of the first stage of childbirth |
Mrs. Azhari |
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8th |
Management and episiotomy of the second stage of childbirth |
Mrs. Azhari |
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9th |
Management of the third stage and examination of placenta |
Mrs. Azhari |
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10th |
Management of the fourth stage and episiotomy repair |
Mrs. Azhari |
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11th |
Fetal evaluation during childbirth |
Mrs. Azhari |
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12th |
Neonate |
Mrs. Azhari |
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13th |
Non-pharmacological pain relief methods |
Mrs. Azhari |
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14th |
Pharmacological pain relief methods |
Mrs. Azhari |
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15th |
Postpartum period and its anatomic and physiologic changes |
Mrs. Golmakani |
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16th |
Postpartum period management |
Mrs. Golmakani |
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17th |
List of educations and home cares during postpartum period |
Mrs. Golmakani |
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18th |
Postpartum fever and its management |
Mrs. Golmakani |
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19th |
Uterine infections and management (pathogen and clinical course) |
Mrs. Golmakani |
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20th |
Complications of uterine infections (necrotizing fasciitis, peritonitis, para material phlegmon) |
Mrs. Golmakani |
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21st |
Complications of uterine infections (abscess, hematoma, and infectious thrombophlebitis of pelvis) |
Mrs. Golmakani |
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22nd |
Septic shock and pelvic vein thrombosis, and their treatments |
Mrs. Golmakani |
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23rd |
Abnormal postpartum bleedings and categorization of its causes and risk factors |
Mrs. Golmakani |
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24th |
Uterine atony (definition, causes, signs, diagnosis, pre-knowledge, complications, and management) |
Mrs. Golmakani |
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25th |
Abnormal adhesion of the placenta and uterine inversion (types, causes, clinical course, and treatment) |
Mrs. Golmakani |
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26th |
Genital rupture (perinea, vagina, cervix, and uterus) |
Mrs. Golmakani |
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27th |
Hematoma (definition, diagnosis, and treatment) and late postpartum hemorrhage (definition, causes, and treatment) |
Mrs. Golmakani |
Teaching Methods:
Teaching methods of this program include programmed lectures, question and answer, group discussion, and team member teaching design (TMTD).
Responsibilities of Students:
1. Active and on-time presence in class and avoidance of any unjustified absence
2. Pre-studying based on subjects and predetermined references
3. Preparation for answering questions provided by the professor at the beginning of each session
4. Active participation in class discussion
5. Performing the tasks assigned by professor in each session and providing them in a written form
Activities of Professors:
1. On-time starting and finishing the class
2. Express a summary of taught materials of last session, and begin the class by answering some questions
3. Propose questions during the class to create scientific activity and dynamics in class
4. Provide a summary of taught materials at the end of classes
5. Mention the topic of the next session along with the relevant references to students for pre-studying
6. Guide students through the assigned tasks
7. Guide and instruct students in class discussion
8. Perform final evaluation
Assessments of Students:
10% Developmental assessment
10% Active and regular participation in class
30% Perform class assignments and mid-term exam
50% Final exam in the form of multiple-choice and modified essay questions
References:
1. Gary Cunningham, Kenneth J, leveno StevenL Bloom et al. “Williams Obstetrics” volume 1&2. 23rd Ed., 2010
2. Varney, H; [et al]. "Varney`s Midwifety.” 4th Ed. Boston: Jones and Bartlet pub, 2004
3. Gabbe: Obstetrics, Churchill Livingstone, 5th Ed., 2007
4. Decherney, Pernol, “Current Obstetric & Gynecologic Diagnosis & Treatment”, 9th Ed. Appleton & Lange Co, 2008
5. Ronald S. Gibbs, David N. Danforth, Beth Y Karlan, Arthur F Haney. “Danforth` S Obstetrics & Gynecology”. 10th Ed. Lippincott co., 2008
